Maintenance reference

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Revision as of 00:18, 24 June 2013 by M (talk | contribs)

Reference

LAN IP addresses
We want all IP address management to happen on the Buffalo DD-WRT router, as much as possible.

Ideally, static IPs will be served up to every known box based on MAC address. Then no matter what OS is booted, the machine will have the same name and IP address. The router is slick, it can do it, but be careful to Save AND Apply changes there. 

airstation   192.168.21.200
dune         192.168.21.179

dhcp range for unknown devices: 2-99

(still more to do to make this consistent, keep at it)
Media Center drives
8 bay SATA tower houses these drives:
  1. 2.0tb archive (sdb right?)
  2. 250gb landofthelost circa ABB timeframe /dev/disk/by-label/LandOfTheLost /dev/sdc1
  3. 1.5tb raid drive #1 /dev/disk/by-label/d-sp-raid -> ../../sdd1
  4. 2.0tb latest /dev/disk/by-label/d-sp-20newmovies -> ../../sde1
  5. 1.5tb raid drive #2 (needs label change maybe)
There are also these drive partitions:
  • / /dev/sda4
  • ubuntu root ub_root -> ../../sda5
  • /vista /dev/sda3
Adding a new drive
To add a new drive:
  1. ls /dev/sd* # and make note of what you have
  2. stuff the new drive in the SATA tower or plug it into a SATA socket
  3. ls /dev/sd* # you should now see something new, like [/dev/sdf]
  4. parted /dev/sdf
  5. print # should show nothing or errors
  6. mklabel gpt # this sets the drive up for "big" >2TGB partition labeling - WARNING: TRASHES EVERYTHING ON THE DRIVE
  7. mkpart primary ext4 0 -1s # makes an ext4 primary partition that goes from start (0) to end (-1s), yay
  8. quit # yeah weird but that's how you exit, things are changed as you go (oops should have told you that before)
  9. mkfs.ext4 -m 0 /dev/sdf1 # the [-m 0] is very important; without it, goofy ext4 wastes 5% "saved for root" wtf
  10. mount /dev/sdf1 /somewhere # make sure it looks good!
  11. umount # we are NOT going to be manually mounting! we need to label the drive and put it in /etc/fstab
  12. e2label /dev/sdb1 box-type-sizename # what a stupid f'in name for that util
  13. emacs /etc/fstab - and put in an entry like this:
/dev/disk/by-label/box-type-sizename   /my-mount-location    ext4    noatime         0 2
  1. mount /my-mount-location # now it will be there when you reboot! but do this to get it NOW :-)
  2. Note that if you mount the new drive under /spiceflow, samba will already be serving it up, whoop!
Adding a user to the server 
su -
# only needed if you want them to have their own group (otherwise use "users" group)
groupadd #newuser#
# the additional groups here are optional
useradd #newuser# -m -g #newuser# -G users,wheel,audio,video,games,dvd,usb -s /bin/bash
passwd #newuser#
mkdir /home/#newuser#
chown #newuser#:users /home/#newuser#

# grant ssh access by adding to "AllowUsers"
em /etc/ssh/sshd_config
/etc/init.d/sshd restart

# grant samba access to home folder
# it's already set up in /etc/samba/smb.conf
# but the user must be manually added to samba
# use same pwd as before to sync them
smbpasswd -a #newuser#
/etc/init.d/samba restart

# YOU PROBABLY HAVE TO RESTART ANY STUPID WINDOWS BOX before it will see things correctly!  crazy
# you can try this in Windows but it didn't work for me:  
#  net use
#  net session \\samba.server.ip.address /delete
Updating mediawiki installation 
cd /var/www/localhost/htdocs/mediawiki
emacs LocalSettings_redirector.php (to hardcode each site)
php maintenance/update.php
(repeat for each site)
emacs LocalSettings_redirector.php (to reset dynamic behavior)
Creating a new ssh key pair for no-password access to a remote system 
wow I just had serious issues with basic ssh usage, so i'll put a summary on the wiki
   basically most misunderstandings stem from describing these two:
       client: machine that is trying to ssh into the server
       server: machine that the client user wants to get to
   most poor sots are just sitting on the client
   and they create a pair and push their public key to the server
   but in my case, more often, i want to create a pair on the server
   and push the private key to the multiple places i need to connect FROM
   when doing that, you have to push the public key into the server's authorized_keys
   and configure the client to juggle multiple private keys

       create a key pair:
           ssh suser@server
           ssh-keygen
               use defaults
               will create:
                   .ssh/id_rsa (private key)
                   .ssh/id_rsa.pub (public key)

       put the public key in place:
           cd .ssh
           cat id_rsa.pub >>authorized_keys

       put the private key on the client and configure:
           scp id_rsa cuser@client:.ssh/id_rsa_server
           ssh cuser@client
           em .ssh/config
               Host tdm thedigitalmachine.com
                 Hostname thedigitalmachine.com
                 IdentityFile ~/.ssh/id_rsa
                 User m
               Host server
                 Hostname server.com
                 IdentityFile ~/.ssh/id_rsa_server
                 User suser

   all is full of light
Back up a linux system to a second bootable drive
Steps:
  1. We want to copy all files from the root drive to a new drive.
  2. We also want to update the boot menu to boot off the new drive.
  3. We also want to change /etc/fstab on the second drive to use the new root path.

These are the steps for backup of the dune box to the /spiceflow/2.0tb-newmovies/ drive. When we're done, we'll boot from that drive to prove we have a working standby system.

rsync does an excellent job of copying just what we need. Test it with this: 

# a (archive mode -rlptgoD) v (verbose) x (don't cross filesystems) h (human-readable) n (dry run)
rsync -avxhn --progress / /spiceflow/2.0tb-newmovies/

Do the job with this: 

rsync -avxh / /spiceflow/2.0tb-newmovies/

  sent 28.10G bytes  received 8.64M bytes  15.63M bytes/sec
  total size is 39.57G  speedup is 1.41

There was def some old stuff in there worth cleaning up: 

/home/m/development/svn/mythtv...
/var/tmp
xbmc log files
etc

Next we fix /etc/fstab on the new drive to use the drive as root. Original config: 

/dev/disk/by-label/d-g2-root        /                           ext3    noatime         0 1
/dev/disk/by-label/d-sp-20newmovies /spiceflow/2.0tb-newmovies  ext4    noatime         0 2

New config (remember tho, we lose the 2gb drive): 

/dev/disk/by-label/d-g2-root        /root-hot-drive ext3    noatime         0 1
/dev/disk/by-label/d-sp-20newmovies /               ext4    noatime         0 2

Note: this never worked out for me due to my system's mix of ext3 and ext4. I'll retry once I migrate everything to ext4. Next, grub: 

mount /boot
em /boot/grub/menu.lst

Orig entry: 

title                                ----- linux-2.6.34-gentoo-r11_withext4
root (hd0,0)
kernel /boot/linux-2.6.34-gentoo-r11_withext4 root=/dev/sda4

Add a new "standby" entry under it - do a "df" to find the root: 

title                                ----- ==STANDBY== linux-2.6.34-gentoo-r11_withext4 
root (hd0,0)
kernel /boot/linux-2.6.34-gentoo-r11_withext4 root=/dev/hda1

Then reboot to standby and see what we have... (no "latest" video library etc., but otherwise the same?)

BOX: tdm aka thedigitalmachine.com aka thedigitalage.org My primary server that does just about everything internet-related
here...
BOX: dune
My XMBC media center and samba-based storage server
BOX: wimpy
My main development workstation
BOX: wallee
My quad-boot laptop



git

Basic linux commands

Bash basics

Update gentoo kernel

Maintenance of my Gentoo boxes

Maintenance of my music collection

OS X basics

DOS basics

Update Boost

udev: Assign unique names to your devices

Automatically mount and unmount your devices

udev: Autorun programs when connecting your devices

Configure Eclipse

Configure Emacs

Configure MythTV

Basic MythTV plugin configuration



tdm

P8P67LE mobo Intel i5 quad core

wimpy

P8P67LE mobo Intel i5 quad core

boot is in /ubuntu/boot

grub menu: /ubuntu/boot/grub/menu.lst

post-kernel tasks: 

make sure you update /etc/conf.d/modules for any new modules added
update-modules
module-rebuild populate
module-rebuild rebuild (if you feel brave)
module-rebuild list (if you want to do it manually)
emerge nvidia-drivers (etc)
update-modules
dispatch-conf
eselect opengl set nvidia
reboot

if you break gentoo (or rather, if gentoo devs break gentoo, or open source hacks break gentoo, or whatever... but ultimately, you...)... 

boot into ubuntu
su -
./chroot_to_gentoo
(chroot) ./setup_chroot
** FIX IT **

to install a new kernel that ubuntu will serve up... 

build it in a chroot
back in ubuntu, copy it:
 cp /mnt/gentoo/usr/src/linux/arch/x86_64/boot/bzImage /boot/linux-blahblbahba
and update grub.  you can change em both or just the second (and rerun grub-mkconfig >/boot/grub/grub.cfg):
 emacs /boot/grub/grub.cfg
 emacs /etc/grub.d/09_gentoo

dune

AMD

post-kernel tasks: 

 make sure you update /etc/conf.d/modules for any new modules added
 update-modules
 module-rebuild populate (WHY DOESN'T FUSE SHOW UP?)
 module-rebuild rebuild (if you feel brave)
 module-rebuild list (if you want to do it manually)
 emerge ati-drivers sys-fs/fuse # etc, also try...
 emerge -a1 $(qlist -IC x11-drivers/)
 update-modules
 dispatch-conf
 eselect opengl set ati
 aticonfig --ovt opengl
 reboot

wallee

Macbook Pro quad boot (OS X, Windows 7, Ubuntu, gentoo)

see blog entry for quad boot instructions

-- gentoo --

  • see this for kernel parameters
    • emerge microcode-ctl (and made it a module in kernel)
    • also did everything else I could on this page (some EFI stuff was missing, who cares) - did i do too much?
  • add m to a bunch of groups:
    • for x in wheel cdrom cdrw usb video ; do gpasswd -a m $x ; done
  • using Xfce (everybody's doing it)
    • echo "exec startxfce4" > ~/.xinitrc
  • using nvidia driver
    • eselect opengl set nvidia
    • run nvidia-xconfig
  • using gdm
    • emacs /etc/conf.d/xdm
    • rc-update add xdm default
  • using NetworkManager
    • + consolekit (needed for applet)
    • + nm-applet (for Xfce taskbar applet, where it all happens)
    • + networkmanager-openconnect
  • network driver: broadcom-sta
    • Checking for suitable kernel configuration options...
    • CONFIG_MAC80211: should not be set. But it is.
    • Please check to make sure these options are set correctly.

-- to update kernel --

  • under gentoo, ubunbu should already be mounted; make sure it's available at /mnt/ubuntu
  • cd /usr/src/linux
  • build a new kernel as usual
    • make menuconfig, or make oldconfig, or whatever
    • make && make modules_install
    • emerge nvidia-drivers
    • cp arch/x86_64/boot/bzImage /mnt/ubuntu/boot/
  • carefully fix up grub, ubuntu grub is being used
    • we inject our gentoo boot lines into /boot/grub/grub.cfg through /etc/grub.d/11-gentoo-proxy
    • which gets its information from /etc/grub.d/proxifiedScripts/gentoo
    • we can modify grub directly from gentoo - you have to change both grub.cfg AND /etc/grub.d/proxifiedScripts/gentoo to keep things from getting clobbered later
    • or go into ubuntu and change /etc/grub.d/proxifiedScripts/gentoo and run this...
      • grub-mkconfig >/boot/grub/grub.cfg
  • reboot!

-- misc --

  • heres what we need in fstab to mount ubuntu in gentoo...
    • mount /mnt/ubuntu
    • mount /dev/disk/by-path/pci-0000\:00\:0b.0-scsi-0\:0\:0\:0-part5 /mnt/ubuntu
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